There are many effective methods of teeth whitening available, but some come with heavy price tags. Here are some steps you can take at home to whiten teeth naturally without breaking the bank.

 

Things You'll Need:

• Straw
• Toothbrush
• Lemon Juice
• Salt
• Baking soda
• Hydrogen peroxide
• Strawberries

Step 1:
Limit your consumption of drinks that stain tooth enamel. A few of these include coffee, tea and red wine. If you simply can't cut back on these beverages, consider drinking them though a straw to limit the amount of liquid that actually comes in contact with teeth.

Step 2:
Brush your teeth immediately after eating, especially if eating foods that stain easily, such as berries.

Step 3:
Rub raw strawberries on your teeth, preferably pureed. There is an enzyme in strawberries that acts as a whitening agent. You'll want to brush and rinse after applying the strawberries to remove the natural sugars and acids they may leave behind.

Step 4:
Eat crunchy foods that require a lot of chewing such as carrots, celery, broccoli and apples. These foods are abrasive and will remove built up plaque, which dulls the appearance of teeth.

Step 5:
Dip your toothbrush directly into baking soda and brush. The results are worth the lousy taste.

Step 6:
Combine lemon juice and one teaspoon of salt to make a paste-like substance. Brush your teeth and rinse. Again, not so pleasant on the palate, but your teeth will thank you.

Step 7:
Use hydrogen peroxide to brush your teeth. Dip your toothbrush into a small capful of the peroxide and brush as you would with regular toothpaste, being careful not to swallow. Rinse with water.

By,
Dr.Sanjeev Mehta

اقرء المزيد

The food pyramid was designed to offer an easy-to-understand look at healthy eating, but for the average person it's too simplistic, vague, and sometimes way off.  Here's how food pyramids work and how you can actually use them in your day-to-day eating.

Versions of the Food Guide Pyramid have been around since the late 70s, and an official U.S. Department of Agriculture version rose to common knowledge in 1992, but it's long been the focus of some controversy, with several updates and alternatives offered over the last decade. Here's a quick look at the history of the food pyramid and its goals, followed by some tips for how you can actually use it for better eating.

A Little Food Pyramid History

The Original Food Pyramid and Its Problems

(Click to enlarge.)

Above is an image of the original USDA food pyramid, familiar to so many from grade school. The bottom of the pyramid is the carbohydrate group, recommending 6-11 servings per day—an aspect heavily attacked by modern nutritionists. On the next level up, we have the vegetable group on the left (3-5 servings per day) and the fruit group on the right (2-4 servings per day). The penultimate level consists of the dairy group on the left (2-3 servings per day) and the protein group on the right (2-3 servings per day). All the way up top is the fat group, which you're supposed to avoid whenever possible. The goal of the original food pyramid was to suggest a healthy diet that would be easy for anyone to follow. Here's an example of three full meals and how they'd stack up on this food pyramid:

• Breakfast: A bowl of cereal with milk, an apple or banana, and two pieces of toast with butter (1 serving of dairy, 1 serving of fruit, 2 servings of carbs, and little fat).
• Lunch: A lean turkey sandwich with cheese, some cut carrots and celery, a bag of mixed nuts, and a plum (2 servings of protein, 1 serving of dairy, 1 serving of carbs, 1 serving of vegetables, and 1 serving of fruit).
• Dinner: Grilled chicken, peas and carrots, salad, and a slice of zucchini bread (1 serving of protein, 2 servings of vegetables, and 1 serving of carbs).

In total that gets you:

• Carbs: 4 servings
• Fruits: 2 servings
• Vegetables: 3 servings
• Dairy: 2 servings
• Protein: 3 servings of protein

This is where you start to see some problems. With this amount of food in a single day, you'd have no trouble getting six servings-worth of carbohydrates. Nonetheless, it only works out to four servings, which is two under the minimum. (More on this later.) On the other side of the equation, this set of meals shows the correct number of servings of protein, but doesn't account for the additional protein you get through dairy (for example). It doesn't account for all sorts of things, like the high carbohydrate content found in beans or all the dairy that sneaks its way into so many foods and sauces, homemade or manufactured. It also doesn't account for many important variables, such as your sex, your height and healthy weight, your daily activity, how different bodies have easier or harder times processing certain foods, and more. The original food pyramid was a nice thought, and it's not way off, but it's definitely not a sufficient tool for anybody's diet.

The New Food Pyramids

Original Comic

The food pyramid has undergone quite a few revisions since it was created, both official and third-party, but we're going to look at the two most notable.

(Click to enlarge.)

In April 2005, the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) decided to update the food guide pyramid with what you see above. If the original food pyramid felt slightly confusing and incomplete, you now have a fully fledged diet puzzle. This food guide pyramid is actually pretty much the same as the old one, except it's harder to read. You'll notice the different colored sections are not all the same size, and that's because they imply how much each category should make up your daily diet. You'll see that grains/carbohydrates still make up the largest section and fats make up the smallest (the yellow section, which is very easy to miss).

This pyramid revision is not so much about what's changed, however, but more about what's been added. The figure climbing the steps was designed to represent the physical activity necessary to healthy living. Each category also gets a little more specific, such as the grains category suggesting that at least 50% of all grain intake consist of whole grains. Wikipedia offers a full overview of each category. While the graphic, itself, isn't terribly informative, the descriptions paired with it are (and they're a little more up-to-date).

The Problems: Here's where things continue to be problematic. We'll start with carbohydrates as an example. The USDA food pyramid is based on a 2,000 calorie (per day) diet and recommends about half of those calories come from carbs. (Technically it's 45-65% for adults, but we're going with an even 50% for ease of illustration.) The USDA's daily recommended intake (DRI) of carbohydrates is 130 grams, but if you have about 1,000 daily calories coming from carbohydrates (per day) you're looking at more along the lines of 250 grams of carbohydrates (1 gram of carbs = 4 calories). Diets recommending lower carb intake generally suggest 80 grams of carbohydrates per day, so some believe that even the lower figure of 130 grams is a bit high. The amount of discussion over this particular figure isn't so much to suggest that the food pyramid is wrong for everyone, but that a person's particular needs can vary based on a lot of factors. It's hard to put stock in something designed to represent everybody in a large, diverse country.

(Click to enlarge.)

In January of 2003, Scientific American published Rebuilding the Food Pyramid, by Walter C. Willett and Meir J. Stampfer. It was intended to separate the food groups into more accurate categories and make better recommendations for healthier eating based on scientific research. Here's the basic breakdown:

1. Red meat and butter: USE SPARINGLY
2. White rice, white bread, potatoes, pasta and sweets: USE SPARINGLY
3. Dairy or calcium supplement: 1 TO 2 SERVINGS
4. Fish, poultry and eggs: 0 TO 2 SERVINGS
5. Nuts and legumes: 1 TO 3 SERVINGS
6. Vegetables: IN ABUNDANCE
7. Fruit: 2 TO 3 SERVINGS
8. Whole-grain foods: AT MOST MEALS
9. Plant oils (olive, canola, soy, corn, sunflower, peanut and other vegetable oils): AT MOST MEALS

Also suggested: "Vitamins for most and alcohol in moderation (unless contraindicated)."

What's important in this revision is that it distinguishes between types of foods that were previously in the same groupings, but could have very different effects on a person's diet. For example, white grains are now separated from whole grains, as current findings point to whole grains as the healthier option (but when buying whole wheat, be sure you know what you're getting). This probably isn't new information to most people reading this, but it's of concern when this information is neglected from the official USDA food pyramid.

How to Actually Use a Food Pyramid

The biggest fault of any food pyramid, like any set of diet and health guidelines, is that everybody is different, and encounters different eating experiences throughout their day. There are enough similarities to make some general recommendations, but acting on any of those recommendations without factoring in your own specific needs is not the best course of action. Here's how to take the information you find in a food pyramid (preferably the rebuilt pyramid previously mentioned) and actually use it for better eating.

Focus on Simple Foods

You don't have to take up a macrobiotic diet to do real tracking of your intake, but when you're considering what you eat, you should still consider its parts, rather than the whole.

Food pyramids break up macronutrients into more specific categories. Problem is, you don't necessarily eat a whole zucchini as part of your meal. Take a turkey sandwich, for example. Eating one of those could end up giving you a serving of protein (the turkey), a serving of dairy (a piece of cheese), and a serving (or more) of carbohydrates (the bread), but it also varies if you're swapping contents and toppings in and out.

If you're cooking, try to stay on top of everything that goes into that particular dish. It'll help you know the impact on your body once you eat it, but it'll also help you understand what can be added or subtracted to make the meal healthier. While you don't necessarily want to give up cooking, uncooked and unprocessed whole foods can make a great contribution to a healthier diet.

Understand the Pros and Cons of Each Food

When choosing foods you want to eat, you're never going to know the full list of nutrients it can be provide. You can, however, get to know the main pros and cons of certain foods. For example, plums are high in fiber, and black beans are high in protein and carbohydrates. A burrito is a good real-world example of why this information is important.

Let's say you're building a burrito and you're deciding what to put inside. You start with a tortilla, add beans, and then add rice (among other potential ingredients). Every one of those items provides a significant number of carbohydrates. Using Chipotle as an example, those three items would provide you with 90 grams of carbohydrates. That's not an unreasonable amount for a single day, but it's a lot for a single meal. Knowing which foods are good sources of which nutrients can help you make better decisions when choosing your servings. The food pyramid can be a good guide for choosing those servings, but when you start to get specific you need to know when a food counts as a serving outside of its main category as well.

Factor In Your Body

Original Comic at Toothpaste for Dinner

Your daily calorie intake depends on more factors than being human, but that's basically all the food pyramids assume. When you're figuring out how much you need to eat each day to maintain a balanced diet, you should factor in your age, sex, height, weight, level of exercise, and whether or not fat loss is a goal.

Safe diets aren't always as simple as just reducing calories, and you should consult a doctor before making any extreme decisions about your diet, but there are a lot of ways to find out how to determine your daily calorie intake using those factors. FreeDieting.com provides a handy calorie calculator that makes suggestions on how many calories you should consume per day. It's good to have your particular needs in mind when you figure out how the serving suggestions on the food pyramid apply to you.

Factor In Your Problems

In theory we digest and process food in the same ways, but a lot of us have allergies and dietary restrictions. Whether your restrictions are voluntary or not, you probably have to substitute a normal item you find on the food group pyramid for something else. It's important to remember that substitutes can have a major difference in nutritional value and to know what those differences are.

Let's take lactose intolerance and milk as an example. If you're replacing milk, your most obvious choices are soy milk and rice milk. Rice milk has significantly higher levels of carbohydrates than regular milk and soy milk often has a lot of sugar added (not always the case, but it's always worth checking first). If you don't eat meat and are looking at substitutes, many of them have a very high sodium content that you wouldn't find in actual meat. This isn't necessarily worse, just different. It's important to be aware of the differences in substitutions and not assume you're getting the exact same nutrients you'll find in the item it was designed to replace.

اقرء المزيد

اقرء المزيد

Do you remember the first thing you did 

when you were born?

Breathe for air.

Man may live 5-6 weeks without food‚

a few days without water‚ but only a few

minutes without air.

Our body's most important nutritional

requirement is not protein‚ carbohydrates‚

fats – it is oxygen!

Just as fire in a furnace cannot be kept up without enough air

which would supply the necessary amount of oxygen to the flames‚

so the fires of life in the body cannot be maintained without an abundance of

oxygen in the body. The way we breathe can substantially affect how we look‚

feel‚ resist disease‚ and even how long we live.

In order to have good blood‚ we must breathe well.

Full‚ deep inspirations of pure air fill the lungs with oxygen;

purify the blood‚ sending it – a life-giving current – to every part of the body.

Good respiration soothes the nerves; stimulates the appetite;

renders digestion more perfect; and induces sound‚ refreshing sleep.

Fresh air will prove far more beneficial to sick persons than medicine‚

and is far more essential to them than their food. They will do better‚

and will recover sooner‚ when deprived of food‚ than when deprived of fresh air.

An outdoor life amid natural surroundings would work wonders for many a

helpless and almost hopeless invalid. Some diseases can be cured

most of all through proper air. The most successful cure for tuberculosis

of the lungs requires an unusually large amount of fresh air for the patient

day and night. Sleeping porches should be provided and such patients

should be allowed indoors for only meals and other duties.

Thousands have died for want of pure water and air who might have lived.

Does the way I stand and sit affect my breathing?

The lungs can expand properly only when a person sits and stands straight

because otherwise the sacs in the lungs that take in the air will be compressed.

If lungs do not get enough air‚ the blood does not get enough oxygen;

in turn‚ everything does not function as efficiently as it should.

Practice how to sit and stand straight – head high‚ back straight.

How can I make sure I am getting enough air?

On the surface‚ it would appear that when you take a breath‚ the air goes in and

immediately bounces back. Actually‚ only about 1/7 of the air in the air cells

of the lungs is replaced with each breath. It is important to do deep breathing exercise

daily (three times a day is best). Be sure to do this in the morning before breakfast.

Take a deep breath to full expansion‚ hold‚ then exhale slowly and completely‚

and hold that. Repeat this‚ say‚ 20 times. This helps the circulation and

gets toxins out of the system.

One of the best ways to learn deep breathing (normal breathing) is to lie flat

on one's back and place your hand on your stomach. As you breathe in deeply

your hand should rise. This exercise should be practiced until

your abdominal muscles automatically rise each time you breathe‚ all the time.

This indicates that the entire lung is expanding‚ with emphasis on the

lower portion of the lung and abdominal area.

Be outdoors as much as possible. Always exercise outdoors.

In the home it is important to secure thorough ventilation and plenty of sunlight.

Keep proper ventilation in mind wherever you are (home‚ work‚ school‚ etc.).

Air must be in constant circulation to be kept free from poisons.

Breathe fresh air while sleeping – open the windows.

Even on cold winter nights‚ double the blankets but always keep the windows open.

Air the bedrooms daily with the windows open.

When we sleep in an ill-ventilated room we will awake feeling feverish

and exhausted. This is because the vital air was excluded‚

and our entire system suffers in consequence.

Do not smoke tobacco; avoid second-hand smoke too. Our skin breathes;

try to wear only natural material (100% cotton‚ linen‚ silk or wool) on everything

that touches the body so that it can breathe without impediments.

Avoid smog and all chemicals‚ cleaning solutions‚ solvents‚ paint removers‚

insect sprays‚ and deodorants. The best air is at beaches‚ oceans‚ waterfalls‚

thunderstorms‚ forests‚ and in sunshine; all these natural environments

electrically charge oxygen molecules to negative ions which are health-giving.

However‚ air from air conditioners is not the best‚

because it is positively ionized.

What should I do if the air is too cold?

When cold‚ try not to wear too much.

If you add clothing‚ let it be but little‚

and exercise‚ if possible‚ to regain

the heat you need. If you positively

cannot engage in active exercise‚

warm yourself by the heater;

but as soon as you are warm‚

lay off your extra clothing and

remove from the fire.

If those who can would engage in

some active employment to take the

mind off themselves‚ they would

generally forget that they felt the chill‚

and would not receive harm.

You should lower the room temperature as soon as you have regained your

natural warmth. For invalids who have feeble lungs‚ nothing can be worse

than an overheated atmosphere. The heated oppressed atmosphere

deprives the vitality‚ benumbs the sensitive brain‚ and causes the lungs

to shrink and the liver to become inactive.

What happens if I do not breathe right?

If an insufficient supply of oxygen is received through shallow breathing‚

the blood moves sluggishly. The waste‚ poisonous matter‚ which should be

thrown off in exhalations from the lungs‚ is retained and the blood becomes impure.

Not only the lungs‚ but the stomach‚ liver and brain are affected.

The skin becomes sallow and digestion is retarded.

Oxygen deficiency in the cells is known to cause cancer.

Experiments have proven that cancer cells cannot live in blood

that is well oxygenated.

Air should not be regarded as an enemy‚ but a precious blessing.

Many labor under the mistaken idea that when they have a cold‚

they must carefully exclude the outside air‚ and increase the temperature

of their room until it is excessively hot. The system becomes deranged

and the pores closed by waste matter.

And the internal organs suffer more or less inflammation‚ because

the blood has been chilled back from the surface and thrown upon them.

At this time‚ of all others‚ the lungs should not be deprived of pure‚ fresh air.

If pure air is ever necessary‚ it is when any part of the system‚

as the lungs or stomach‚ is diseased.

Many families suffer with sore throat‚ lung disorders and liver complaints‚

brought upon them by their own course of action.

They breathe the same air over and over again‚ until it becomes impregnated

with poisonous impurities. Those who thus abuse their health must suffer disease.

URL - http://www.worldsla stchance. com/articles/ heavens-healing/ 2.-the-invisible -disease- remover.html

اقرء المزيد

50 COMMON INTERVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Very Important Please Dont Miss it.

Review these typical interview questions and think about how you would answer them. Read the questions listed; you will also find some strategy suggestions with it.

1. Tell me about yourself?

Ans : The most often asked question in interviews. You need to have a short statement prepared in your mind. Be careful that it does not sound rehearsed. Limit it to work-related items unless instructed otherwise. Talk about things you have done and jobs you have held that relate to the position you are interviewing for. Start with the item farthest back and work up to the present.

2. Why did you leave your last job?

Ans: Stay positive regardless of the circumstances. Never refer to a majorproblem with management and never speak ill of supervisors, co-workers or the organization. If you do, you will be the one looking bad. Keep smiling and talk about leaving for a positive reason such as an opportunity, a chance to do something special or other forward-looking reasons.

3. What experience do you have in this field?

Ans: Speak about specifics that relate to the position you are applying for. If you do not have specific experience, get as close as you can.

4. Do you consider yourself successful?

Ans:You should always answer yes and briefly explain why. A good explanation is that you have set goals, and you have met some and are on track to achieve the others.

5. What do co-workers say about you?

Ans: Be prepared with a quote or two from co-workers. Either a specific statement or a paraphrase will work. Jill Clark, a co-worker at Smith Company, always said I was the hardest workers she had ever known. It is as powerful as Jill having said it at the interview herself.

6. What do you know about this organization?

This question is one reason to do some research on the organization before the interview. Find out where they have been and where they are going. What are the current issues and who are the major players?

7.. What have you done to improve your knowledge in the last year?

Try to include improvement activities that relate to the job. A wide variety of activities can be mentioned as positive self-improvement. Have some good ones handy to mention.

8. Are you applying for other jobs?

Be honest but do not spend a lot of time in this area. Keep the focuson this job and what you can do for this organization. Anything else is a distraction.

9. Why do you want to work for this organization?

This may take some thought and certainly, should be based on the research you have done on the organization. Sincerity is extremely important here and will easily be sensed. Relate it to your long-term career goals.

10. Do you know anyone who works for us?

Be aware of the policy on relatives working for the organization. This can affect your answer even though they asked about friends not relatives. Be careful to mention a friend only if they are well thought of.

11. What is your Expected Salary?

A loaded question. A nasty little game that you will probably lose if you answer first. So, do not answer it. Instead, say something like, That's a tough question. Can you tell me the range for this position? In most cases, the interviewer, taken off guard, will tell you. If not, say that it can depend on the details of the job. Then give a wide range.

12. Are you a team player?

You are, of course, a team player. Be sure to have examples ready. Specifics that show you often perform for the good of the team rather than for yourself are good evidence of your team attitude. Do not brag, just say it in a matter-of-fact tone. This is a key point..

13. How long would you expect to work for us if hired?

Specifics here are not good. Something like this should work: I'd like it to be a long time. Or As long as we both feel I'm doing a good job.

14. Have you ever had to fire anyone?

How did you feel about that? This is serious. Do not make light of it or in any way seem like you like to fire people. At the same time, you will do it when it is the right thing to do. When it comes to the organization versus the individual who has created a harmful situation, you will protect the organization. Remember firing is not the same as layoff or reduction in force.

15. What is your philosophy towards work?

The interviewer is not looking for a long or flowery dissertation here. Do you have strong feelings that the job gets done? Yes. That's the type of answer that works best here. Short and positive, showing a benefit to the organization.

16. If you had enough money to retire right now, would you?

Answer yes if you would. But since you need to work, this is the type of work you prefer. Do not say yes if you do not mean it.

17. Have you ever been asked to leave a position?

If you have not, say no. If you have, be honest, brief and avoid saying negative things about the people or organization involved.

18. Explain how you would be an asset to this organization ?

You should be anxious for this question. It gives you a chance to highlight your best points as they relate to the position being discussed. Give a little advance thought to this relationship..

19. Why should we hire you?

Point out how your assets meet what the organization needs. Do not mention any other candidates to make a comparison..

20. Tell me about a suggestion you have made ?

Have a good one ready. Be sure and use a suggestion that was accepted and was then considered successful. One related to the type of work applied for is a real plus.

21. What irritates you about co-workers?

This is a trap question. Think real hard but fail to come up with anything that irritates you. A short statement that you seem to get along with folks is great.

22. What is your greatest strength?

Numerous answers are good, just stay positive. A few good examples: Your ability to prioritize, Your problem-solving skills, Your ability to work under pressure, Your ability to focus on projects, Your professional expertise, Your leadership skills, Your positive attitude

23. Tell me about your dream job ?

Stay away from a specific job. You cannot win. If you say the job you are contending for is it, you strain credibility. If you say another job is it, you plant the suspicion that you will be dissatisfied with this position if hired. The best is to stay genetic and say something like: A job where I love the work, like the people, can contribute andcan't wait to get to work.

24. Why do you think you would do well at this job?

Give several reasons and include skills, experience and interest.

25. What are you looking for in a job?

See answer # 23

26. What kind of person would you refuse to work with?

Do not be trivial. It would take disloyalty to the organization, violence or lawbreaking to get you to object. Minor objections will label you as a whiner.

27. What is more important to you: the money or the work?

Money is always important, but the work is the most important. There is no better answer.

28. What would your previous supervisor say your strongest point is?

There are numerous good possibilities: Loyalty, Energy, Positive attitude, Leadership, Team player, Expertise,Initiativ e, Patience, Hard work, Creativity, Problem solver

29. Tell me about a problem you had with a supervisor?

Biggest trap of all. This is a test to see if you will speak ill of your boss. If you fall for it and tell about a problem with a former boss, you may well below the interview right there. Stay positive and develop a poor memory about any trouble with a supervisor.

30. What has disappointed you about a job?

Don't get trivial or negative. Safe areas are few but can include: Not enough of a challenge. You were laid off in a reduction Company did not win a contract, which would have given you more responsibility.

31. Tell me about your ability to work under pressure.

You may say that you thrive under certain types of pressure. Give an example that relates to the type of position applied for.

32. Do your skills match this job or another job more closely?

Probably this one. Do not give fuel to the suspicion that you may want another job more than this one.

33. What motivates you to do your best on the job?

This is a personal trait that only you can say, but good examples are: Challenge, Achievement, Recognition

34. Are you willing to work overtime? Nights? Weekends?

This is up to you. Be totally honest.

35. How would you know you were successful on this job?

Several ways are good measures: You set high standards for yourself and meet them. Your outcomes are a success. Your boss tell you that you are successful

36. Would you be willing to relocate if required?

You should be clear on this with your family prior to the interview if you think there is a chance it may come up. Do not say yes just to get the job if the real answer is no. This can create a lot of problems later on in your career. Be honest at this point and save yourself future grief.

37. Are you willing to put the interests of the organization ahead of your own?

This is a straight loyalty and dedication question. Do not worry about the deep ethical and philosophical implications. Just say yes.

38. Describe your management style ?

Try to avoid labels. Some of the more common labels, like progressive, salesman or consensus, can have several meanings or descriptions depending on which management expert you listen to. The situational style is safe, because it says you will manage according to the situation, instead of one size fits all.

39. What have you learned from mistakes on the job?

Here you have to come up with something or you strain credibility. Make it small, well intentioned mistake with a positive lesson learned. An example would be working too far ahead of colleagues on a project and thus throwing coordination off.

40. Do you have any blind spots?

Trick question. If you know about blind spots, they are no longer blind spots. Do not reveal any personal areas of concern here. Let them do their own discovery on your bad points. Do not hand it to them.

41. If you were hiring a person for this job, what would you look for?

Be careful to mention traits that are needed and that you have.

42. Do you think you are overqualified for this position?

Regardless of your qualifications, state that you are very well qualified for the position.

43. How do you propose to compensate for your lack of experience?

First, if you have experience that the interviewer does not know about, bring that up: Then, point out (if true) that you are a hard working quick learner.

44. What qualities do you look for in a boss?

Be generic and positive. Safe qualities are knowledgeable, a sense of humor, fair, loyal to subordinates and holder of high standards. All bosses think they have these traits.

45. Tell me about a time when you helped resolve a dispute ?

between others. Pick a specific incident. Concentrate on your problem solving technique and not the dispute you settled.

46. What position do you prefer on a team working on a project?

Be honest. If you are comfortable in different roles, point that out.

47. Describe your work ethic ?

Emphasize benefits to the organization. Things like, determination to get the job done and work hard but enjoy your work are good.

48. What has been your biggest professional disappointment?

Be sure that you refer to something that was beyond your control. Show acceptance and no negative feelings.

49. Tell me about the most fun you have had on the job.

Talk about having fun by accomplishing something for the organization.

50. Do you have any questions for me?

Always have some questions prepared. Questions prepared where you will be an asset to the organization are good. How soon will I be able to be productive? and What type of projects will I be able to assist on? are examples.

And Finally Best of Luck Hope you will be succussful in the interview you are going to face in coming days.

"Never take some one for granted,Hold every person Close to your Heart because you might wake up one day and realise that you have lost a diamond while you were too busy collecting stones." Remember this always in life

 

اقرء المزيد

Posted by Niels Provos, Security Team

A recent surge in compromised web servers has generated many interesting discussions in online forums and blogs. We thought we would join the conversation by sharing what we found to be the most popular malware sites in the last two months.



As we've discussed previously, we constantly scan our index for potentially dangerous sites. Our automated systems found more than 4,000 different sites that appeared to be set up for distributing malware by massively compromising popular web sites. Of these domains more than 1,400 were hosted in the .cn TLD. Several contained plays on the name of Google such as goooogleadsence.biz, etc.

The graph shows the top-10 malware sites as counted by the number of compromised web sites that referenced it. All domains on the top-10 list are suspected to have compromised more than 10,000 web sites on the Internet. The graph also contains arrows indicating when these domains where first listed via the Safe Browsing API and flagged in our search results as potentially dangerous.

Other malware researchers reported widespread compromises pointing to the domains gumblar.cn and martuz.cn, both of which made it on our top-10 list. For gumblar, we saw about 60,000 compromised sites; Martuz peaked at slightly over 35,000 sites. Beladen.net was also reported to be part of a mass compromise, but made it only to position 124 on the list with about 3,500 compromised sites.

To help make the Internet a safer place, our Safe Browsing API is freely available and is being used by browsers such as Firefox and Chrome to protect users on the web.

اقرء المزيد

Posted by Alma Whitten, Software Engineer, Security & Privacy Teams

A group of privacy and security experts sent a letter today urging Google to strengthen its leadership role in web application security, and we wanted to offer some of our thoughts on the subject.

We've long advocated for — and demonstrated — a focus on strong security in web applications. We run our own business on Google Apps, and we strive to provide a high level of security to our users. We currently let people access a number of our applications — including Gmail, Google Docs, and Google Calendar, among others — via HTTPS, a protocol that establishes a secure connection between your browser and our servers.

Let's take a closer look at how this works in the case of Gmail. We know that tens of millions of Gmail users rely on it to manage their lives every day, and we have offered HTTPS access as an option in Gmail from the day we launched. If you choose to use HTTPS in Gmail, our systems are designed to maintain it throughout the email session — not just at login — so everything you do can be passed through a more secure connection. Last summer we made it even easier by letting Gmail users opt in to always use HTTPS every time they log in (no need to type or bookmark the "https").

Free, always-on HTTPS is pretty unusual in the email business, particularly for a free email service, but we see it as an another way to make the web safer and more useful. It's something we'd like to see all major webmail services provide.

In fact, we're currently looking into whether it would make sense to turn on HTTPS as the default for all Gmail users.

We know HTTPS is a good experience for many power users who've already turned it on as their default setting. And in this case, the additional cost of offering HTTPS isn't holding us back. But we want to more completely understand the impact on people's experience, analyze the data, and make sure there are no negative effects. Ideally we'd like this to be on by default for all connections, and we're investigating the trade-offs, since there are some downsides to HTTPS — in some cases it makes certain actions slower.

We're planning a trial in which we'll move small samples of different types of Gmail users to HTTPS to see what their experience is, and whether it affects the performance of their email. Does it load fast enough? Is it responsive enough? Are there particular regions, or networks, or computer setups that do particularly poorly on HTTPS?

Unless there are negative effects on the user experience or it's otherwise impractical, we intend to turn on HTTPS by default more broadly, hopefully for all Gmail users. We're also considering how to make this work best for other apps including Google Docs and Google Calendar (we offer free HTTPS for those apps as well).

Stay tuned, but we wanted to share our thinking on this, and to let you know we're always looking at ways to make the web more secure and more useful.

Update @ 1:00pm: We've had some more time to go through the report. There's a factual inaccuracy we wanted to point out: a cookie from Docs or Calendar doesn't give access to a Gmail session. The master authentication cookie is always sent over HTTPS — whether or not the user specified HTTPS-only for their Gmail account. But we can all agree on the benefits of HTTPS, and we're glad that the report recognizes our leadership role in this area. As the report itself points out, "Users of Microsoft Hotmail, Yahoo Mail, Facebook and MySpace are also vulnerable to [data theft and account hijacking]. Worst of all — these firms do not offer their customers any form of protection. Google at least offers its tech savvy customers a strong degree of protection from snooping attacks." We take security very seriously, and we're proud of our record of providing security for free web apps.

Update on June 26th: We've sent a response to the signatories of the letter. You can read it here.

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Posted by Macduff Hughes, Engineering Director

There's been some discussion today about the security of online accounts, so we wanted to share our perspective. These are topics that we take very seriously because we know how important they are to our users. We run our own business on Google Apps, and we're highly invested in providing a high level of security in our products. While we can't discuss individual user or customer cases, we thought we'd try to clear up any confusion by taking some time to explain how account recovery works with various types of Google accounts and by revisiting some tips on how users can help keep their account data secure.

One of the more common requests for assistance that we receive from regular Gmail users is to help them regain access to their accounts after they have misplaced or forgotten their password. We know that it can be frustrating when you can't access your account, and we've worked hard to come up with a system designed to help our users regain access to their accounts as smoothly as possible while taking appropriate precautions to protect their account security. When you select a password as you create an account, we recommend that you also choose a security question and provide a secondary email address. Recently, we also added a field where you can input a mobile phone number to assist with later account recovery. We regularly provide tips about how you can choose good passwords and security questions, and we also share our best ideas for what to do when you can't access your account. It's important to keep your password, security question, and secondary email address up to date. It's not enough to just tell us your email address to try to change your password. The security question helps us identify you, but if you want to initiate a password reset, we'll only send that information to the secondary address or the mobile phone number you provide.

We handle password recovery differently for our Google Apps customers. There is no password recovery process for individual Google Apps users. Instead, users must communicate directly with their domain administrator to initiate password changes on their individual accounts. Earlier this year we added new password security tools for Google Apps that allow administrators to set password length requirements and view password strength indicators to identify sufficiently long passwords that may still not be strong enough. For businesses that desire additional authentication security, since 2006 we have supported SAML Single Sign On, a protocol that allows organizations to use two factor authentication solutions such as certificates, smartcards, biometrics, one time password devices, and other stronger tokens.

If you're a regular Gmail user and you haven't updated your account information in a while, we recommend you do so by visiting your Google Account settings page now.

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Posted by Chris Evans, Security Team

Malware is the source of a large number of reported security incidents on the Internet. Since Internet users can become infected in many different ways, the proliferation of malware is a very hard problem to solve. One part of the solution is to improve the robustness of web browsers such that security compromises due to browser bugs are minimized. We work hard to scrutinize our own code for potential vulnerabilities. We also contribute to research in this area with projects like the Browser Security Handbook and open source releases of the fuzzers involved in our software testing.

Some of you may have noticed that while working on Google Chrome, we have also discovered and responsibly reported a number of security issues in other browsers. Various scenarios lead us to report these bugs:

• Some browsers share code bases with Google Chrome, and we collaborate with those browser vendors.
• We develop generic fuzzers that are applicable to most browsers and that we want to share with others.
• We spend time analyzing behavior in different browsers, and we sometimes discover bugs in the process.
• It benefits our users and the Internet as a whole if we work collaboratively on better web browser security.

A few of the more interesting bugs we've researched recently include: this one in Opera uncovered by Michal Zalewski's <canvas> fuzzer; a HTTP 449 response code issue in IE found by Tavis Ormandy; contributions to Safari 4's security by Robert Swiecki, SkyLined, and Dean McNamee (and others); an XMLHttpRequest leak in Firefox discovered by Marius Schilder; and a cross-domain leak in Chrome / Safari (the two share a common base) unearthed by Chris Evans.

The collaboration works both ways. We'd like to thank the following browser vendors:
Microsoft for helping with SSL interactions with HTTP proxies, Mozilla for sharing fuzzers, and Apple for sharing and coordinating Webkit-based bugs.

Together as a security community, our combined efforts to find vulnerabilities in browsers, practice responsible disclosure, and get problems fixed before criminals exploit them help make the Internet an overall safer place for everyone. We'd also like to thank all those who have helped us by contributing to Google Chrome.

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Posted by Fabrice Jaubert

The Google Anti-Malware engineering team knows you have many questions related to our scanning and flagging of infected sites, some with short and simple answers and some with more complex answers. The short-answer questions are already -- we hope -- adequately handled on the Webmaster Forums; now we want to do a better job at answering the more complex questions.

To this end, we have created a Google Moderator page for you to submit your questions, and to vote on other webmasters' questions. In two weeks (on Friday the 28th of August), we will close the page and select a few of the top-rated questions. Over the course of the next several weeks, we will do our best to answer each of these in a write-up, to be published here and to the Webmaster Malware Forum.

We hope to repeat this exercise (with a fresh Moderator page) in the fall to give you the opportunity to ask more questions.

Thank you, and see you on the Moderator page!

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written by Lucas Ballard and Ke Wang, Anti-Malware Team

As part of Cyber Security Awareness Month, Google's Anti-Malware Team is publishing a series of educational blog posts inspired by questions we've received from users. October is a great time to brush up on cyber security tips and ensure you're taking the necessary steps to protect your computer, website, and personal information. For general cyber security tips, check out our online security educational series or visit http://www.staysafeonline.org/. To learn more about malware detection and site cleanup, visit the Webmaster Tools Help Center and Forum.

Google's anti-malware efforts are designed to be helpful to both webmasters and website visitors. Google continuously scans our web index for pages that could be dangerous to site visitors. When we find such pages, we flag them as harmful in our search results, and also provide this data to several browsers so that users of these browsers will receive warnings directly. We undertake this process as part of our security philosophy: we believe that if we all work together to identify threats and stamp them out, we can make the web a safer place for everyone. While we believe these processes are important steps in helping to protect our users, we also understand the frustration felt by the webmasters of flagged sites. This is why we notify webmasters as soon as we discover that their sites have been compromised. Additionally, we provide webmasters with a tool to file a review once they have cleaned their site. The review process works as follows.

Part 1: The webmaster's job: The first step is site cleanup. The webmaster should remove all harmful content from the site. We realize that it can be tricky to find all the infections on a website, and webmasters should look thoroughly if the warning label persists. Keep in mind that if your site contains elements from another website that may have been compromised, it will remain flagged. This is because your site could still introduce harm to visitors. To prevent reinfection, the webmaster should also identify and fix the underlying software vulnerability that led to site compromise in the first place. For a guide on how to do this, visit stopbadware.org/home/security.

Once a webmaster has cleaned up the site, a Malware Review can be filed with Google's Webmaster Tools (please note that a Malware Review request is not the same as an Index Reinclusion request). The process for Malware Review is as follows:

1. Log in to Webmaster Tools.
2. From the Tool's home page click on the link to the site that is being flagged. This will bring you to the site's Dashboard.
3. There should be a large red banner across the top of the dashboard that says "This site may be distributing malware." Clicking on the link that says "More Details" expands the dashboard to reveal a list of pages on the site that were found to be malicious.
4. Below this list is a link that says "Request a review." A webmaster can fill out this form and click the "Request a review" button to initiate the review process.

More detailed instructions can be found here.


Part 2: Our job: Upon receiving a Malware Review request, an automated set of algorithms verifies that the site has been cleaned. These algorithms revisit a subset of both the malicious and non-malicious pages that were scanned when the site was originally flagged. Additionally, these algorithms test some pages that were not originally scanned. If none of the tested pages are found to be malicious, the site is deemed to be safe, and warnings are removed from search results. A typical appeal takes only several hours to complete, although in some cases the process may take up to one day.

In addition to processing appeal requests from webmasters, we also rescan compromised sites periodically.

We encourage webmasters of infected sites to quickly clean their web pages and proactively request reviews through Webmaster Tools. After the site has been thoroughly cleaned and reviewed, it will no longer show a warning on Google's search results pages or through the browsers making use of our data. اقرء المزيد

Show Me the Malware!

مرسلة بواسطة Ramy-Soft في 12:40 ص

written by Lucas Ballard, on behalf of the Anti-Malware, Anti-Malvertising, and Webmaster Tools teams

As part of Cyber Security Awareness Month, we're highlighting cyber security tips and features to help ensure you're taking the necessary steps to protect your computer, website, and personal information. For general cyber security tips, check out our online security educational series or visit http://www.staysafeonline.org/. To learn more about malware detection and site cleanup, visit the Webmaster Tools Help Center and Forum.

To help protect users against malware threats, Google has built automated scanners that detect malware on websites we've indexed. Pages that are identified as dangerous by these scanners are accompanied by warnings in Google search results, and browsers such as Google Chrome, Firefox, and Safari also use our data to show similar warnings to people attempting to visit suspicious sites.

While it is important to protect users, we also know that most of these sites are not intentionally distributing malware. We understand the frustration of webmasters whose sites have been compromised without their knowledge and who discover that their site has been flagged. We proactively offer help to these webmasters: we send email to site administrators when we encounter suspicious content, we provide a list of infected pages in Webmaster Tools, and we maintain a service that allows webmasters to notify us when they have cleaned their sites. Read more about this process in the previous post on this blog.

We're happy to announce that we've launched a feature that enables Google to provide even more detailed help to webmasters. Webmaster Tools now provides webmasters with samples of the malicious code that Google's automated scanners detected on their sites. These samples — which typically take the form of injected HTML tags, JavaScript, or embedded Flash files — are available in the "Malware details" Labs feature in Webmaster Tools. Registered webmasters (registration is free) of infected sites do not need to specially enable the feature — they will find links to it on the Webmaster Tools dashboard. Webmasters will see a list of their pages that we found to be involved in malware distribution and samples of the malicious content that Google's scanners encountered on each infected page. In certain situations we can identify the underlying cause of the malicious code, and we'll provide these details when possible. We hope that the additional information will assist webmasters and help prevent their visitors from being exposed to malware.


Malware details for your site



Malware details for a particular page


While we're excited to offer this feature, we caution webmasters to use the tool only as a starting point in their site clean-up process. Google's scanners may not be able to provide malware samples in all cases, and the malware samples may not be a complete list of all the malware on the page. More importantly, we advise against simply removing the examples that are displayed in Webmaster Tools. If the underlying vulnerability is not identified and patched, it is likely that the site will be compromised again.

In addition to helping the webmasters of sites with malware warnings, this new detail is also designed to promote the general health of the web. In some cases, our automatic scanners find questionable content on a site but do not have enough data to add it to the malware list. The new "Malware details" feature will highlight these instances to webmasters early on to help them identify and address security vulnerabilities more quickly.

We hope you never have cause to use this feature, but if you do, it should help you quickly purge malware from your site and help protect its visitors. We plan to improve our algorithms in the upcoming months to provide even greater coverage, more accurate vulnerability identification, and faster delivery to webmasters.

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